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6. Quoting:
   1. Quote sparingly: Use quotes only when the author's choice of words to express his/her idea perfectly capture the point. No instructor wants to receive a written product that is basically a string of quotes.
   2. Use proper quoting mechanics: Be sure to use quotation marks around the text you are quoting. Also, include the author's name before or after the quotation and indicate added phrases with brackets [ ] and omitted text with ellipses ...
   3. Incorporate a citation: You must include citation elements in the sentence(s) you are quoting. These citation elements include author's name, page number, and year, with the exact format varying across style manuals.
   4. Samples: The Libraries at UNC-Chapel Hill offer a Citing Information Tutorial which gives quoting examples for APA and MLA.
7. Paraphrasing and Summarizing:
   1. Use your interpretation: Without looking at the original text, craft your paraphrase or summary. Be sure you are using unique words and phrases and reordering clauses within the sentence. It is plagiarism to simply reorder words within a sentence or sentences within a paragraph.
   2. Incorporate a citation: You must include citation elements in the sentence(s) you are quoting. These citation elements include author's name, page number, and year, with the exact format varying across style manuals.
   3. Samples: The Libraries at UNC-Chapel Hill offer a Citing Information Tutorial which gives paraphrasing examples for APA and MLA.
8. No Need to Cite Your Source:
   1. Using your own work: You do not need to cite your own thoughts, ideas, written products, or research.
   2. Drawing on common knowledge: You do not need to cite information classified as common knowledge. Examples of common knowledge include indisputable facts known by large numbers of people, and common sense observations.

Works consulted in the creation of this document included avoiding plagiarism Web pages from the Online Writing Lab at Purdue University and Duke University Libraries.