RESEARCHING HISTORICAL FEDERAL DOCUMENTS

The history of the United States and its government is richly documented in government publications from the earliest times to the present. Pinpointing the documents is not always straightforward but with improved online searching tools and electronic full-text availability the process has improved. This guide is broken into the following sections:

Other WSU Libraries web guides provide historical information about U.S. Presidents and the U.S. Census. See also the web guide, "Government Information in the Study of History."

N.B. If you know the type of historical congressional document for which you are looking (bills, hearings, reports, prints, laws, etc.) see U.S. Congressional Publications in WSU Libraries, a guide which details access and holdings in the WSU Libraries.

Need help with your search?

See "Ask a Question" options or e-mail these librarians:
Marilyn Von Seggern, U.S. Government Information Librarian m_vonseggern@wsu.edu
Lorena O'English, Political Science/Criminal Justice/Law Subject Librarian oenglish@wsu.edu
Lou Vyhnanek, History Subject Librarian louv@wsu.edu



Access to Historical Documents

Documents from 1976 forward can be searched in WSU Libraries' Griffin catalog.
For pre-1976 documents 1) use an index or finding aid such as those on the following list; 2) consult the documents shelf list and/or serial record to find out if we have the document in our collection; 3) ask a reference librarian if you need help with this process or cannot find documents on the shelf.

Major indexes to congressional and executive documents, by time period

1774-1789 Thomas: Historical Documents
Searches early congressional documents, including the Declaration of Independence, the Federalist Papers, and the Constitution, including the Bill of Rights and Other Amendments.

1774-1789 Documents from the Continental Congress and Constitutional Convention 1774-1789
A segment of the Library of Congress' American Memory Collection; items include extracts of the journals of Congress, resolutions, proclamations, committee reports, treaties, and early printed versions of the United States Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, all searchable.

1774-1873 A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation; U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates 1774-1873
The records and acts of Congress from the Journals of the Continental Congress through The Congressional Globe, which ceased publication with the 42nd Congress in 1873. All text is searchable.

1774-1881 Poore, Benjamin Perley Descriptive Catalogue of the Government Publications of the United States, Sept. 5, 1774-March 4, 1881. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1885.
Continued by Ames' Comprehensive Index to the Publications of the United States Government, 1881-1893 and by the Catalogue of Public Documents, 53d- Congress, 1893- .
Holland Ref Doc Y 4.P93/1:G74/1

1789-1838  American State Papers (WSU only) Congressional materials from the first 14 Congresses (1789-1817) and some years beyond, full-text searchable.

1789-1909 Checklist of United States Public Documents, 1789-1909. 3rd ed., New York: Kraus Reprint Corp., 1962 (Reprint of 3rd ed., GPO 1911). 1st-60th Congress.
Complete checklist (in SuDoc number order) of judicial, executive, and legislative public documents issued by the U.S. Government, .
Holland Ref Z1223.A11 1962

1789-1969 CIS U.S. Serial Set Index, 1789-1969. Washington: Congressional Information Service, Inc., 1975-79. Includes Index and Carto-bibliography of Maps.
Indexes the American State Papers (1789-1816) and more than 14,000 volumes of the Serial Set (Senate and House Documents and Reports from the 15th Congress on). Published in 12 time periods, each part has an index of subjects and keywords, index of names of individuals and organizations of private relief and related actions, numerical list of reports and documents, and a schedule of serial volumes.
Holland Ref Z1223.Z7 U55

1789-2003 Sessions of Congress with Corresponding Debate Record Volume Numbers. Law Librarians' Society of Washington, D.C., Inc.
A list of congressional sessions, their dates, and corresponding debate record in Annals of Congress, Register of Debates, Congressional Globe, or Congressional Record.

1817- U.S. Congressional Serial Set (WSU only) Beginning with the 15th Congress, full-text search access to the U.S. Serial Set is being added by congress throughout 2003-04. The database is searchable by keyword, subjects such as education, health, and social issues, publication category such as annual reports and public bills, House and Senate Committee, and Congress.

1817-1969 U.S. Congressional Serial Set Finding List Connects Serial Set volume numbers to specific SuDocs numbers from the 15th to the 91st Congresses. Agency annual reports and other serials are listed with their SuDoc and corresponding Serial Set numbers. Includes additional links to Serial Set resources.

1830-1969 CIS U.S. Congressional Committee Prints Index Through 1969. Washington: Congressional Information Service, Inc., 1980. 21st-91st Congress.
From the User Guide: "Congressional committee prints are publications that individual congressional committees prepare or commission primarily to aid them in doing their work....For historical research, prints are a rich resource, both as chronicles of historical events and as records of contemporary perceptions of those events." They include monographic studies, investigative reports, analyses of bills, reference materials, hearings excerpts, and reports on committee activities.
Holland Ref J74.C66x 1980

1833-1969 CIS U.S. Congressional Committee Hearings Index. Washington: Congressional Information Service, Inc., 1981-85. 23rd-91st Congress (1833-1969).
From the Introduction: "Congressional committee hearings proceedings were first held early in the nineteenth century and became a major component in the deliberative work of Congress during the years following the Civil War. Hearings publications...form an unparalleled documentary record of events and public policy issues faced by America since its early years..."
Holland Ref KF49.C62 U5

1873-current Table of Congressional Publication Volumes and Presidential Issuances A numeric guide to Serial Set volumes by Congress published by the Law Librarians' Society of Washington, D.C.

1875-1990 Congressional Record Index. Washington : Govt. Print. Off., 1874. 43d Cong.-101st Cong. (1875-1990)
An index to what is said on the floor of Congress (the proceedings of Congress).
Holland Ref Doc X

1881-93 Ames, John G. Comprehensive Index to the Publications of the United States Government, 1881-1893. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1905, 2 vols.
Holland Ref Doc Y4745, Y4746

1893-1940 Catalogue of the Public Documents of the (53rd-76th) Congress and of All Departments of the Government of the United States for the Period from March 4, 1893 to Dec. 31, 1940.. Washington: Government Printing Office. 25 v.
Holland Ref Doc GP 3.6

1900- Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1895- .
An index to all types of U.S. government documents, including Congressional reports, hearings, debates, and records; judiciary materials; and documents issued by executive departments (Defense, State, Labor, Office of the President, etc.).
Holland Ref Doc GP 3.8 (1900-1998)
Owen A&I Z1223.A18 (1951-1992)
Online access 1976- , GPO Monthly Catalog (WSU only)
Online access 1994- , Catalog of U.S. Government Publications

1900-1971 Cumulative Subject Index to the Monthly Catalog of U.S. Government Publications, 1900-1971. Arlington, VA: Carrollton Press, Inc., 1973-95.
Holland Ref Z1223.Z7 B9

1941-1970 United States Government Publications Monthly Catalog: Quinquennial Cumulative Personal Author Index. Ann Arbor, MI: Pierian Press, 1971-79.
Holland Doc Ref GP 3.8/a (1941-50, 1961-65, 1966-70)

1951-2002 Congressional Index. Chicago: Commerce Clearing House, 1937- . (1951-2002, 82nd-107th Congress).
"...designed to aid research on the status and history of legislation and other matters in Congress." Vol. 1: activities common to both houses, activities of the Senate including presidential action. Vol. 2: activities of the House of Representatives, actions taken by the Senate on House measures. Tracks public bills and resolutions through Congress.
Holland Ref J69.C6

1970- CIS Index to Publications of the United States Congress. Washington, Congressional Information Service, 1970- . 91st- Congress.
A three-part set: abstracts of Congressional publications, legislative histories, and an index of Congressional publications and public laws. Searchable at WSU through Congressional Lexis/Nexis.

Link to additional historical indexes


Where to Find the Text of Historical Documents

1774-1789 Thomas: Historical Documents
The Declaration of Independence, the Federalist Papers, and the Constitution, including the Bill of Rights and Other Amendments.

1774-1789 Documents from the Continental Congress and Constitutional Convention 1774-1789
Part of the Library of Congress' American Memory Collection; items include extracts of the journals of Congress, resolutions, proclamations, committee reports, treaties, and early printed versions of the United States Constitution and the Declaration of Independence.

1774-1873 A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation; U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates 1774-1873
The records and acts of Congress from the Journals of the Continental Congress through The Congressional Globe, which ceased publication with the 42nd Congress in 1873. Also included are Serial Set selected volumes printed during the 23rd (1834-35), 56th (1899), and 58th Congresses (1904-05).

1774-1789 Journals of the Continental Congress. Washington: Government Printing Office 1904-37.
Holland and Terrell Libraries Locked Storage A1508, a reprint copy under Holland Doc LC 4.5:1968
Online copy in the American Memory Collection

1789- Statutes at Large. Published in Boston by Little & Brown from 1789-1873, then in Washington by the U.S. Government Printing Office. Title varies slightly throughout.
Laws and treaties approved by Congress and signed by the President. Statutes at Large are published in the order of the date of passage and include text of amendments to the Constitution. Treaties and proclamations were included until 1948.
Holland Ref Doc GS 4.111
First forty-two Congresses, 1789-1873 from the Century of Lawmaking Collection

1789- Congressional Record and predecessors. A record of what is said on the floor of Congress, published every day Congress is in session. The sections are Proceedings of the Senate and House, Extensions of Remarks, and Daily Digest. For a more detailed look at these titles and their history see Overview of the Congressional Record and Its Predecessor Publications.

1789- Congressional Bills.
1st-45th Cong., 63rd-66th Cong., 1789-1879, 1913-1921 Holland Microforms (cabinet 21) "TSD Microfilm 1892" (House bills); "TSD Microfilm 1898 (Senate bills)
13th-17th Cong., 1814-1823, (selected bills); 18th-42nd Cong., 1823-1973 A Century of Lawmaking
96th Cong., 1979- Holland Microfiche Y 1.4/1-9 Latest in Holland Reference Microfiche Collection, earlier in Holland Microforms. To locate bill use Finding Aid for Congressional Bills and Resolutions, located in Holland and Terrell Libraries Reference. Ask for assistance from the Reference Desk.
101st Cong., 1989- Congressional Lexis/Nexis; Thomas,
103rd Cong., 1993- GPO Access

1789-1838 American State Papers
Congressional documents from the first 14 congresses (1789-1816) and some additional years are known as the American State Papers. Records are not complete due to the Capitol fire of 1814 and the lack of record-keeping.
Holland and Terrell Libraries Locked Compact Storage: Serial nos. 01-038; Hol Doc Y [serial no.]; fill out a request card at the Circulation Desk (24-hour turnaround); 2 hr. checkout

<>1789-1838 American State Papers  (WSU only) 
Full-text searchable database. 
Free public access is available through the Library of Congress' American Memory project on their American State Papers page.

1817-
Serial Set
The United States Congressional Serial Set, sometimes known as the "Sheepskin Set" or the "Congressional Edition", contains the numbered Senate and House Documents and Reports from the 15th Congress on (1817- ) and is one of the main sources of historical government documents. The Serial Set also includes Federal agency reports and publications, Journals of the House and Senate, Congressional administrative reports, and selected reports of nongovernmental agencies. A more detailed description of the contents and a  schedule of volumes from 1970 to present is contained in this overview created by the Law Librarians' Society of Washington, DC. It includes a table of congressional publication volumes and presidential issuances from 1873 to the present.
1817-1825; 15th-18th Congresses, Serial Set v. 1-123: Microprint
Holland and Terrell Libraries Microforms Room; this microprint set is with the depository microprint in Cabinet 25 in the northwest corner
1826-1978; 19th-95th Congresses, Serial Set v. 124-13219: Holland and Terrell Libraries Locked Compact Storage, #A4736;
fill out a request card at the Circulation Desk (24-hour turnaround); 2 hr. checkout
1979- ; 96th- Congresses, Serial Set v. 13220- : microfiche
Holland and Terrell Libraries Microforms Room, Cabinet 20 House Documents Y 1.1/7
Senate Documents Y 1.1/3
Senate Executive Documents Y 1.1/4 (continued by Senate Treaty Documents)
Senate Executive Reports Y 1.1/6
Senate Reports Y 1.1/5
1990- (101st Cong.- , Reports); 1995- (104th Cong.- Documents) Congressional Lexis/Nexis
1995- (104th Cong., 1st sess.- )Thomas
1995- (104th Cong., 1st sess.- )GPO Access: House, Senate, and Executive Reports; House, Senate and Treaty Documents

1817- U.S. Congressional Serial Set (WSU only) Beginning with the 15th Congress, full-text search access to the U.S. Congressional Serial Set. The database is searchable by keyword, subjects such as education, health, and social issues, publication category such as annual reports and public bills, House and Senate Committee, and Congress.

1869- Congressional Hearings
41st-73rd Cong., 1869-1934 Holland Microforms "Pre-1935 Congressional Hearings" microfiche
56th-97th Cong., 1900-1982 Holland Doc/Holland Microforms; Each hearing in this period has an individual SuDocs number and is shelved in Holland Doc (paper copy) or Holland Microforms (microfiche copy). Identify the SuDoc call number through CIS U.S. Congressional Committee Hearings Index (1833-1969; Holland Ref KF49.C62 U5), GPO Monthly Catalog (1900-1998; Holland Ref Doc GP 3.8 or online 1976-) or a number of other finding aids.
98th-102nd Cong., 1983-1992 Holland Microforms in CIS Microfiche Library (cabinet 18, KF49.C62 C58x). Arranged by CIS abstract no. which can be found in the CIS Index, Holland Ref Z1223.Z7 C6.
1988- Congressional Lexis/Nexis (selected hearings)
103rd Congress- , 1993- Holland Microforms; shelved with SuDoc microfiche (cabinets 17-20); search for SuDoc no. the Griffin catalog.
105th Cong.- , 1997- GPO Access; Thomas

1970- Congressional Lexis/Nexis
An online index and full-text database of publications by and about the U.S. Congress including hearings, bill texts, legislative histories, voting records, congressional calendars, hot topics and more.